Isoko ry’amatungo ryagize iterambere ryinshi mu myaka yashize, kandi ukurikije imibare, biteganijwe ko ibiryo by’amatungo by’Ubushinwa bizagera kuri miliyari 54 z'amadolari mu 2023, biza ku mwanya wa kabiri ku isi.
Bitandukanye no mu bihe byashize, amatungo ubu ni menshi "mu muryango".Mu rwego rwo guhindura imyumvire mu gutunga amatungo no kuzamura imiterere y’amatungo, abayikoresha bafite ubushake bwo gukoresha byinshi mu biribwa by’amatungo kugira ngo barinde ubuzima n’iterambere ry’amatungo, inganda z’ibiribwa by’amatungo muri rusange, icyerekezo ni cyiza .
Muri icyo gihe, gupakira no gutunganya ibiryo byamatungo nabyo bikunda gutandukana, uhereye kumabati yicyuma cyambere nkuburyo nyamukuru bwo gupakira, kugeza gukuramo imifuka;imirongo ivanze;agasanduku k'icyuma;impapuro zipapuro nubundi bwoko bwiterambere.Muri icyo gihe, igisekuru gishya kirimo kuba umubare munini w’abatunze amatungo, ibigo byinshi kandi bikurura urubyiruko rwibanda ku bidukikije, harimo n’ibishobora gukoreshwa;ibinyabuzima;ifumbire mvaruganda nibindi bidukikije byangiza ibidukikije kandi bigumane isura nziza nigikorwa cyibikoresho byo gupakira.
Ariko icyarimwe, hamwe no kwagura igipimo cyisoko, akajagari mu nganda nako kagaragara buhoro buhoro.Umutekano w’ibiribwa mu Bushinwa ku kugenzura abaturage ni byinshi kandi biratunganye kandi birakomeye, ariko ibiryo by’amatungo iki gice kiracyafite umwanya munini wo gutera imbere.
Agaciro kiyongereyeho ibiryo byamatungo ni byinshi cyane, kandi abaguzi bafite ubushake bwo kwishyura amatungo bakunda.Ariko nigute ushobora kwemeza ubwiza bwibiryo byamatungo bifite agaciro kanini?Kurugero, uhereye kubikusanyirizo ry'ibikoresho fatizo;ikoreshwa ry'ibigize;inzira yo kubyaza umusaruro;isuku;kubika no gupakira nibindi bintu, hari amahame ngenderwaho asobanutse yo gukurikiza no kugenzura?Ese ibicuruzwa byanditseho ibisobanuro, nkamakuru yintungamubiri, imenyekanisha ryibigize, hamwe nububiko nogukoresha amabwiriza, birasobanutse kandi byoroshye kubyumva kubakoresha?
01 Amabwiriza y’umutekano w’ibiribwa
Amabwiriza y’umutekano w’ibiribwa muri Amerika
Vuba aha, Ishyirahamwe ryabanyamerika bashinzwe kugenzura ibiryo (AAFCO) ryavuguruye cyane ibiryo byintangarugero byintungamubiri hamwe n’amabwiriza yihariye y’ibiribwa by’amatungo - ibisabwa bishya byo gushyira ibiryo ku matungo!Nibintu byambere bigezweho mumyaka hafi 40!Kuzana ibiryo byamatungo byegereye ibiryo byabantu kandi bigamije gutanga ubudahwema no gukorera mu mucyo kubakoresha.
Ubuyapani Amabwiriza y’umutekano w’ibiribwa
Ubuyapani ni kimwe mu bihugu bike ku isi byashyizeho itegeko ryihariye ry’ibiribwa by’amatungo, kandi itegeko ry’umutekano w’ibiribwa by’amatungo (ni ukuvuga "Itegeko rishya ry’amatungo") rirasobanutse neza mu kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’umusaruro, nk’ibigize ntibemerewe gukoreshwa mu biryo by'amatungo;ibisabwa mu kurwanya mikorobe itera indwara;ibisobanuro by'ibigize inyongeramusaruro;gukenera gushyira mu byiciro ibikoresho fatizo;n'ibisobanuro by'intego zihariye zo kugaburira;Inkomoko y'amabwiriza;ibipimo by'imirire nibindi birimo.
Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi Amabwiriza y’umutekano w’ibiribwa
EFSA Ikigo cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi gishinzwe kugenzura ibiribwa kigenzura ibikubiye mu bikoresho bikoreshwa mu kugaburira amatungo no kwamamaza no gukoresha ibiryo by’amatungo.Hagati aho, FEDIAF (Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zigaburira Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi) ishyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho by’imirire n’umusaruro w’ibiribwa by’amatungo, kandi EFSA ivuga ko ibikoresho fatizo by’ibicuruzwa bipfunyika bigomba gusobanurwa neza ukurikije ibyiciro byabo.
Amabwiriza y’umutekano w’ibiribwa muri Kanada
CFIA (Ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibiribwa muri Kanada) isobanura sisitemu yubuziranenge isabwa kugirango umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku matungo, harimo amabwiriza yihariye agomba gutangazwa kuri buri kintu cyose uhereye ku kugura ibikoresho fatizo;ububiko;inzira yo kubyaza umusaruro;kuvura isuku;no kwirinda indwara.
Ikurikiranwa ryibiryo byamatungo byanditseho ni ingirakamaro muburyo bwa tekinike kugirango igenzurwe neza.
02 Ibisabwa bishya byo gupakira ibiryo
Mu nama ngarukamwaka ya AAFCO mu 2023, abanyamuryango bayo batoye hamwe kugira ngo bemeze amabwiriza mashya yo kuranga ibiryo by'imbwa n'ibiryo by'injangwe.
Ivugururwa rya AAFCO Icyitegererezo cyibiryo byamatungo hamwe n’amabwiriza yihariye y’ibiribwa by’amatungo ashyiraho ibipimo bishya ku bakora ibikomoka ku matungo n'abayagurisha.Kugaburira inzobere mu kugenzura muri Amerika na Kanada zakoranye n’abaguzi n’inzobere mu nganda z’ibikomoka ku matungo kugira ngo hategurwe ingamba zifatika zo kwemeza ko ibiryo by’amatungo bitanga ibisobanuro birambuye ku bicuruzwa.
Ibitekerezo twakiriye ku baguzi ndetse n'abajyanama mu nganda muri iki gikorwa byagize uruhare runini mu bikorwa byacu byo kunoza ubufatanye ", ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Austin Therrell, umuyobozi mukuru wa AAFCO. amakuru asobanutse muburyo bworohereza abaguzi. Gupakira no gushyiramo ibimenyetso bizasobanurwa neza kandi byoroshye kubyumva. Iyi ni inkuru nziza kuri twese, uhereye kubafite amatungo n'abayikora kugeza ku matungo ubwabo. "
Impinduka zingenzi:
1. kumenyekanisha imbonerahamwe nshya yimirire yinyamanswa kubitungwa, byavuguruwe kugirango bisa cyane nibirango byabantu;
2, igipimo gishya cyo gukoresha imvugo zigenewe gukoreshwa, bizakenera ibirango kwerekana imikoreshereze yibicuruzwa muri 1/3 cyo hasi yipfunyika hanze, byorohereza abakiriya kumva uburyo bakoresha ibicuruzwa.
3, Guhindura kubisobanuro byibigize, gusobanura ikoreshwa ryamagambo ahoraho no kwemerera gukoresha iminyururu nizina risanzwe cyangwa risanzwe kuri vitamine, kimwe nizindi ntego zigamije kumvikanisha ibintu neza kandi byoroshye kubakoresha.
4. gutunganya no kubika amabwiriza, adateganijwe kwerekanwa mubipfunyika hanze, ariko AAFCO yavuguruye kandi igereranya ibishushanyo mbonera kugirango bitezimbere.
AAFCO yagize ati: "Gutezimbere aya mabwiriza mashya, AAFCO yakoranye n’inzobere mu kugenzura ibiryo n’amatungo, abanyamuryango b’inganda n’abaguzi kugira ngo bateze imbere, bakusanyirize hamwe kandi barangize ivugurura ry’ingamba" kugira ngo ibirango by’ibiribwa by’amatungo bitange ibisobanuro birambuye ku bicuruzwa ".
AAFCO yemereye abakora ibikomoka ku matungo kurenza imyaka itandatu kugirango binjize neza ibirango no gupakira ibicuruzwa byabo.
03 Ukuntu Ibiryo Byamatungo Ibipfunyika bigera ku buryo burambye mugupakira ibiryo byamatungo
Vuba aha, inyabutatu y'ibiribwa bipakira ibiryo binini-Ben Davis, umuyobozi wibicuruzwa byo gupakira ibikapu muri ProAmpac;Rebecca Casey, umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe kugurisha, kwamamaza no gufata ingamba muri TC Transcontinental;na Michelle Shand, umuyobozi ushinzwe kwamamaza nubushakashatsi kuri Dow ibiryo nibidasanzwe byo gupakira muri Dow.baganiriye ku mbogamizi no gutsinda mu kwimuka ku biribwa birambye byo gutekera amatungo.
Kuva kumifuka ya firime kugeza kumpande enye zometse kumurongo kugeza kuri polyethylene ziboheshejwe, aya masosiyete atanga ibicuruzwa byinshi, kandi batekereza kuramba muburyo bwose.
Ben Davies: Tugomba rwose gufata inzira zinyuranye.Uhereye aho turi murwego rwagaciro, birashimishije kubona umubare wibigo hamwe nibirango mubakiriya bacu bifuza gutandukana mugihe cyo kuramba.Ibigo byinshi bifite intego zisobanutse.Hariho guhuzagurika, ariko hariho itandukaniro mubyo abantu bashaka.Ibi byatugejejeho gukora amahuriro menshi kugirango tugerageze gukemura intego zitandukanye zirambye zihari.
Duhereye ku buryo bworoshye bwo gupakira, icyo dushyize imbere ni ukugabanya gupakira.Iyo bigeze ku guhinduka gukomeye, guhinduka buri gihe mugihe ukora isesengura ryubuzima.Ibyinshi mu bipfunyika ibiryo byamatungo bimaze guhinduka, ikibazo rero - ni iki gikurikira?Amahitamo arimo gukora amafilime ashingiye kumahitamo asubirwamo, akongeramo ibicuruzwa nyuma yumuguzi, kandi kuruhande rwimpapuro, gusunika ibisubizo byongeye gukoreshwa.
Nkuko nabivuze, abakiriya bacu bafite intego zitandukanye.Bafite kandi uburyo butandukanye bwo gupakira.Ndibwira ko aribwo ProAmpac ihagaze idasanzwe murungano rwayo muburyo butandukanye bwibicuruzwa bitandukanye itanga, cyane cyane mubipfunyika ibiryo byamatungo.Kuva kumifuka ya firime kugeza kwadamu yometse kuri polyethylene ikozwe mubipapuro kugeza kumpapuro SOS hamwe nudupapuro twa pisine, dutanga ibicuruzwa byinshi kandi twibanze kuburambe burambye.
Gupakira birakomeye cyane muburyo burambye.Hejuru y'ibyo, iremeza ko ibikorwa byacu birusheho kuramba kandi ko twongera imbaraga mu baturage.Kugwa gushize, twasohoye raporo yambere ya ESG yemewe, iboneka kurubuga rwacu.Nibintu byose bihurira hamwe kugirango twerekane imbaraga zacu zirambye.
Rebecca Casey: Turi.Iyo urebye gupakira kuramba, ikintu cya mbere ureba ni - dushobora gukoresha ibikoresho byiza kugirango ugabanye ibisobanuro kandi dukoreshe plastike nke?Birumvikana ko turacyabikora.Mubyongeyeho, turashaka kuba polyethylene 100% kandi dufite ibicuruzwa bisubirwamo ku isoko.Turimo kureba kandi nyuma yumuguzi wibikoresho byongeye gukoreshwa, kandi turimo kuvugana nabakora inganda nyinshi kubijyanye nibikoresho bigezweho.
Twakoze imirimo myinshi mumwanya wa fumbire, kandi twabonye ibirango byinshi bireba uwo mwanya.Dufite rero uburyo butatu aho tuzakoresha ibishobora gukoreshwa, ifumbire mvaruganda cyangwa gushiramo ibiyikubiyemo.Bisaba rwose inganda zose nabantu bose murwego rwagaciro kugirango bahinge ifumbire mvaruganda cyangwa iyisubirwamo kuko tugomba kubaka ibikorwa remezo muri Amerika - cyane cyane kugirango tumenye neza ko byongeye gukoreshwa.
Michelle Shand: Yego, dufite ingamba zinkingi eshanu zitangirana nigishushanyo mbonera.Turimo kwagura imipaka yimikorere ya polyethylene binyuze mu guhanga udushya kugirango tumenye neza ko filime imwe, ibintu byose-PE byujuje ibisabwa, inzitizi hamwe n’ubujurire abakiriya bacu, abafite ibicuruzwa ndetse n’abaguzi biteze.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gusubiramo ni Inkingi ya 1 kuko ni ngombwa kugira ngo Inkingi ya 2 n'iya 3 zisabwa (Mechanical Recycling and Advanced Recycling, respectively).Gukora firime imwe yibikoresho nibyingenzi kugirango umusaruro wongere agaciro nagaciro kombi murwego rwo gutunganya no gutunganya ibintu.Kurwego rwo hejuru ubwiza bwinjiza, niko ubuziranenge nubushobozi bwibisohoka.
Inkingi ya kane niterambere ryacu rya biorecycling, aho duhindura imyanda, nkamavuta yo guteka yakoreshejwe, muri plastiki ishobora kuvugururwa.Mugukora ibyo, turashobora kugabanya cyane ibirenge bya karuboni yibicuruzwa muri portfolio ya Dow tutagize ingaruka kubikorwa byo gutunganya.
Inkingi yanyuma ni Carbone Ntoya, aho izindi nkingi zose zahujwe.Twashyizeho intego yo kugera ku kutabogama kwa karubone mu 2050 kandi dushora imari muri uru rwego kugira ngo dufashe abakiriya bacu ndetse n’abafatanyabikorwa ba nyir'ibicuruzwa kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere cya Scope 2 na Scope 3 no kugera ku ntego zabo zo kugabanya karubone.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-01-2023